The Casting Process
All bronze sculptures are cast by the "Lost Wax Method of Casting" The basic Steps are as follows:

1. A clay model is created.
2. A flexible rubber mold with a rigid backing (mother mold) is made of the clay original.
3. Hot wax is poured into the rubber mold to get a wax duplicate of the original clay.
4. The wax pattern is repeatedly dipped into a ceramic slurry to create a ceramic mold around the wax.
5. The ceramic mold is fired to 1600 degrees Fahrenheit to remove all the wax from inside.
6. Bronze is melted at approximately 2000 degrees Fahrenheit and poured into the ceramic mold.
7. The ceramic mold is broken off to reveal the bronze casting. Now the work begins.
8. Sprues and gates are cut and ground off and casting imperfections fixed. Pieces are welded back together, and sandblasted to prepare for patination.
9. Patina finish is applied using heat and various chemicals to oxidize the surface of the metal.